Preparing for the sacrament

A Guide to Confession

Whether you go regularly or it's been years, take your time. If you aren't sure what to do, tell the priest. He can help you through it.

Before You Begin

Find a quiet moment and ask God to help you see your life honestly. Think about what you've done, what you've failed to do, and where you need to change. You don't need to turn this into a test.

Lord, help me to see my sins clearly, to be sorry for them, and to trust in your mercy. Give me the courage to confess honestly and the grace to begin again. Amen.

An opening prayer written for this guide.

Examine Your Conscience

Use the short examination you already know, or spend more time reflecting on the virtues. You don't need to read both before every Confession.

Mortal sin requires grave matter, full knowledge, and deliberate consent. A question in a guide cannot determine your personal guilt. If you're unsure, ask your confessor. If detailed examinations feed persistent fears or repeated checking, follow your confessor's guidance rather than going through longer lists.
Open the sections you want to reflect on.

This page does not collect, save, or send your examination. There are no answer boxes or scores.

What Happens in Confession?

  1. Begin. Make the Sign of the Cross. You can say, “Bless me, Father, for I have sinned. It has been [length of time] since my last confession.” If you don't remember, say so.
  2. Confess your sins. Be honest and straightforward. Confess remembered mortal sins by kind and number as well as you can. You can also confess venial sins. You don't need to give graphic details or tell someone else's story.
  3. Listen and ask. The priest may offer guidance and give you a penance. If you don't understand it or can't carry it out, tell him.
  4. Express your sorrow. The priest will invite you to make an Act of Contrition. You can use the prayer below. If you forget the words, ask for help.
  5. Receive absolution. Listen as the priest prays the words of absolution. Respond “Amen” and follow his direction for the dismissal.

This is a practical outline. The priest will guide the celebration of the sacrament.

An Act of Contrition

O my God, I am heartily sorry for having offended Thee, and I detest all my sins because I dread the loss of heaven and the pains of hell, but most of all because they offend Thee, my God, who art all good and deserving of all my love. I firmly resolve, with the help of Thy grace, to confess my sins, to do penance, and to amend my life. Amen.

A traditional form. Your parish may use another form of the prayer.

After Confession

Take a moment to thank God. Complete your assigned penance, and take a practical step toward changing the habits you've brought to Confession. Where you've harmed someone, consider what you need to do to put it right.

If you later remember a mortal sin you honestly forgot, bring it to your next Confession. Forgetting a sin is different from deliberately withholding it.

About This Guide

The short examination preserves the questions currently used in the Project Liturgy Breviary. The detailed examination transcribes Rev. Donald F. Miller, C.SS.R., Examination of Conscience for Adults (originally published 1956; this PDF lists an imprimatur dated April 7, 1959). Editorial notes are identified separately from the original text. Historical disciplinary references should not be read as statements of current law.

References: Catechism, 1857–1860: mortal and venial sin; Catechism, 1451–1460; Vatican notification on the Index (1966). The original historical examination is presented with editorial context alongside a practical guide to Confession.